When it comes to installing tile, the underlayment is just as crucial as the tile itself. It acts as a foundational layer that provides stability, moisture protection, and an ideal surface for tile adhesion. Whether you're working on a floor, wall, or wet area like a shower, choosing the right underlayment and installing it correctly is key to a long-lasting, high-quality tile job.
What is Underlayment?
Underlayment is a layer of material placed between the subfloor (or substrate) and the tile. Its primary function is to create a stable, even surface for the tiles to adhere to. It can also provide waterproofing, soundproofing, and thermal insulation, depending on the type of underlayment you choose.
There are several types of underlayment materials available, including cement boards, foam boards, and membranes. The choice depends on the area you're tiling, the type of tile, and any specific needs such as moisture resistance or thermal properties.
How is Underlayment Used?
Underlayment is used in various types of tile installations:
Floors: For floor tile installation, underlayment helps to distribute the weight of the tiles evenly, preventing cracks or warping in the subfloor. It also provides extra protection against moisture damage in bathrooms, kitchens, and basements.
Walls: In wall installations, underlayment provides a sturdy, level base for wall tiles to adhere to, reducing the risk of uneven tiles or adhesive failure.
Wet Areas: In bathrooms, showers, or other high-moisture spaces, underlayment can act as a waterproof barrier, ensuring that water doesn’t seep through to the subfloor and cause damage over time.
Types of Underlayment
Cement Boards - Cement board is a durable, moisture-resistant underlayment commonly used for floors and walls, especially in wet areas. It provides a strong, stable surface for tile adhesion and helps prevent cracking or shifting over time. Popular choices include Laticrete Hydro Ban Board, which also provides waterproofing benefits.
Foam Boards - Foam boards, like Laticrete Strata Mat, are lightweight, easy to handle, and provide both thermal and sound insulation. These are great for residential applications where comfort and noise reduction are priorities.
Waterproofing Membranes - For high-moisture environments, a waterproof membrane is essential. Products like Laticrete Hydro Ban are ideal for ensuring complete moisture protection. These membranes are applied directly to the substrate, creating a seamless, waterproof barrier beneath the tile.
Tips for Installing Underlayment
Prepare the Substrate - Before you begin, make sure the substrate (subfloor or wall surface) is clean, dry, and free of debris. Any existing tiles or material that could affect adhesion should be removed.
Cutting the Underlayment - Measure and cut the underlayment to fit the area where you’ll be tiling. Use a utility knife or a saw, depending on the material. Be sure to leave a small gap (about 1/8” to 1/4”) between the edges of the underlayment and the walls to allow for expansion.
Apply Adhesive or Thinset - For cement boards and foam boards, you’ll need to apply a layer of adhesive or thinset mortar to the subfloor before laying the underlayment. Use a Laticrete Thin Set Mortar, like Laticrete 254 Platinum, to ensure a strong bond between the underlayment and the substrate.
Install the Underlayment - Lay the underlayment down over the adhesive, pressing it firmly into place. Make sure it’s level and flush with the surrounding surfaces. For cement boards, fasten them with screws or nails as per the manufacturer's instructions.
Sealing the Joints - Once the underlayment is installed, seal the joints and seams with Laticrete Hydro Ban or Laticrete 9235 Waterproofing Membrane. This step is critical in wet areas like showers to ensure complete waterproofing.
Tile Installation - Once the underlayment is set and properly sealed, you can begin installing the tile. Make sure to follow the correct mortar and grout instructions to ensure long-term performance.
Key Benefits of Using High-Quality Underlayment
Prevents Cracks & Shifting - Underlayment provides a stable surface that reduces the likelihood of cracks forming in the tile or grout over time.
Moisture Protection - In wet areas, underlayment can help prevent water from seeping into the substrate, which can lead to mold, mildew, or subfloor damage.
Improved Tile Adhesion - A smooth and even underlayment ensures that the tile adhesive bonds securely, which helps prevent tiles from loosening over time.
Faster Installation - High-quality underlayment products, like Laticrete Hydro Ban Board and Strata Mat, offer easy handling and installation, which reduces labor costs and installation time.
Underlayment is a critical component in any tile installation project. Whether you’re tiling a floor, wall, or wet area, using the right underlayment will help ensure that your tiles stay securely in place, resist moisture damage, and last for years to come. For top-tier performance, consider Laticrete Hydro Ban Boards, Strata Mat, and Laticrete Thin Set Mortar for your next installation project. These products are designed to provide maximum protection, ease of use, and superior results.
